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Besides the classic diamond ,  a round gem of sparkling white brilliance - there are plenty of other cuts to choose from :

Round  The modern classic for cut diamonds. This most popular shape accounts for more than 75% of diamonds sold today. A 58-facet cut , calibrated to a precise formula to achieve the maximum in fire and brilliance.
Oval
An elongated shape, it gives an illusion of length to the hand and is popular among women with small hands or short fingers.. It has excellent light dispersal .
Marquise
An elongated shape with pointed ends, makes this stone fragile. Gorgeous when used as a solitaire or when enhanced by smaller diamonds.
Pear
Combines the oval and the marquise. It also complements small or average-length fingers. It is particularly beautiful for pendants or earrings & may make it look larger than a round diamond for the same weight and quality.
Heart
Similar to a pear-shaped diamond with a cleft at the top. This shape is full of fire and brilliance.
True romantics love the Heart Shape
Emerald
A rectangular shape with cut corners. It is known as a step cut because its flat planes resemble stair steps. Needs to be kept clean, then looking into an Emerald cut diamond is like looking into a clear pool of water
Princess
A square or rectangular cut with numerous facets. It is a relatively new cut, flattering to a hand with long fingers. The Princess Cut combines the liveliness of the Round, and the contemporary shape of an Emerald or Square cut.
Radiant
A square or rectangular cut combining the elegance of the emerald shape diamond with the brilliance of the round. Its 70 facets maximise the effect of its colour refraction.

 		  
Other more fanciful and innovative diamond shapes such as the flower, cloverleaf, triangle and kite , have also been developed . The magic of  a skilled gem cutter transforms each stone into a unique work of art.
 
Asscher

The Asscher diamond is named after Joseph Asscher who developed the cut in 1902. The Asscher has a similar facet arrangement to the Emerald Cut yet is square rather than elongated in proportion. The Asscher has 74 facets and is reminiscent of a bygone era. The Asscher has regained popularity due to many famous stars wearing this vintage cut diamond.
Cushion

Rounded corners, but is neither round nor oval. Four sides, but is neither square nor rectangle. The Cushion Cut is an elegant shaped diamond that has recently gained popularity once again due to the demand for vintage–styled jewelry.
The Trilliant Cut

Trilliant Cut diamonds are a newer dimension in diamonds. The three sided diamond gives a modern look to any ring.

 
More, reg. "Round" & "Square" Cuts :

The Round Stone: A Brilliant Cut

The Radiant Cut Diamond: A "Brilliantized Step Cut"  

The Emerald Stone: A Step Cut

The Princess Cut

 

The Radiant Cut Diamond combines the classic elegance of the traditional emerald cut shape with the sparkle of the "brilliant" cut &  was developed and patented in 1977 by Henry Grossbard. It allows people to choose an exquisitely shaped rectangular diamond without any compromise. Prior to the development of the Original Radiant Cut, all diamonds with straight edges, like the emerald cut, were faceted with long rectangular facets. This cutting style, called the "step cut" ; Diamonds with rounded edges, like round stones, pear shapes, ovals and marquises, are faceted with triangular facets. This cutting style is known as the "brilliant cut." By combining the two cutting styles into a hybrid "brilliantized step cut," Mr. Grossbard was able to release the natural brilliance of a straight edged diamond.

Unlike the Radiant Cut and the traditional Emerald Cut, the Princess Cut (sometimes called a "quadrillion") has sharp rather than cut corners. This cut is usually square rather than rectangular. In addition, princess cuts are proportioned  differently than the  Radiant Cut. The Princess typically has a flat top (or "crown"), and deep bottom (or "pavilion"). This conforms to the shape of the rough diamond and allows the cutter to retain more of the original weight of the rough stone. The appearance can be quite pleasing - though very different than an Radiant Cut. The sharp corners allow princess cuts to be set side by side making them uniquely suitable for use in channel set jewelry.

 

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